@article {1164081, title = {Sustaining open innovation through a {\textquotedblleft}Center of Excellence{\textquotedblright}}, journal = {Strategy \& Leadership}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

This paper presents NASA{\textquoteright}s experience using a Center of Excellence (CoE) to scale and sustain an open innovation program as an effective problem-solving tool and includes strategic management recommendations for other organizations based on lessons learned.

This paper defines four phases of implementing an open innovation program: Learn, Pilot, Scale and Sustain. It provides guidance on the time required for each phase and recommendations for how to utilize a CoE to succeed. Recommendations are based upon the experience of NASA{\textquoteright}s Human Health and Performance Directorate, and experience at the Laboratory for Innovation Science at Harvard running hundreds of challenges with research and development organizations.

Lessons learned include the importance of grounding innovation initiatives in the business strategy, assessing the portfolio of work to select problems most amenable to solving via crowdsourcing methodology, framing problems that external parties can solve, thinking strategically about early wins, selecting the right platforms, developing criteria for evaluation, and advancing a culture of innovation. Establishing a CoE provides an effective infrastructure to address both technical and cultural issues.

The NASA experience spanned more than seven years from initial learnings about open innovation concepts to the successful scaling and sustaining of an open innovation program; this paper provides recommendations on how to decrease this timeline to three years.

}, url = {https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/SL-02-2019-0031}, author = {Richard, Elizabeth E. and Davis, Jeffrey R. and Paik, Jin H. and Lakhani, Karim R.} }